Tattoo Lexicon - by Dirk-Boris Rödel
Although flying is certainly one of mankind's oldest dreams, people have always been just as fascinated by exploring another part of the earth, namely the depths of the seas and lakes.
To a certain extent, this is also possible without aids; pearl divers can dive to depths of up to 30 meters and hold their breath for several minutes; this so-called apnea diving or breathless diving has now developed into a sporting discipline in its own right, with extreme athletes now able to hold their breath for up to ten minutes and dive to depths of over a hundred meters.
However, it is not possible to stay underwater for long periods of time or even work with pure apnea technology, and so people were already thinking about how to supply a diver with enough air to breathe underwater in ancient times. Ideas of simply placing an inverted barrel over the diver's head failed due to the enormous buoyancy of the air in the barrel, which the diver could not hold. The technique of breathing through a tube also only works until just below the surface, because if the snorkel is too long and the exhaled air cannot escape completely, it is inhaled again by the diver, which leads relatively quickly to a lack of oxygen.
Leonardo da Vinci had already tinkered with a system in which the diver is supplied with fresh air through a pump via a helmet, while the exhaled air can escape downwards or through a valve, but the first functional diving helmet was first tested at the end of the 18th century.
In the first half of the 19th century, the classic helmet diving device made of copper or brass was then developed in several stages, which could be connected to a diving suit in a watertight and airtight manner; the classic diving helmet as we know it from adventure films.
Its use was highly risky and the life and health of the diver was in the hands of those who operated the air pumps on board a ship, for example; if these were not operated properly, the diver suffocated.
Although in old films divers in such suits were regularly attacked by giant squid on the hunt for sunken pirate treasure, deep-sea monsters were not the real problem; far more dangerous were problems with the air supply or the lack of decompression when surfacing, the need for which was not recognized in the past, which could lead to serious health problems.
In fact, such diving helmets are not just museum pieces even today; industrial divers still use comparable helmets, of course with a technically far better and more reliable breathing air supply than in the 19th century.
Text: Dirk-Boris Rödel
Graphic: Jonas Bachmann
Tattoo Lexicon - by Dirk-Boris Rödel
Although flying is certainly one of mankind's oldest dreams, people have always been just as fascinated by exploring another part of the earth, namely the depths of the seas and lakes.
To a certain extent, this is also possible without aids; pearl divers can dive to depths of up to 30 meters and hold their breath for several minutes; this so-called apnea diving or breathless diving has now developed into a sporting discipline in its own right, with extreme athletes now able to hold their breath for up to ten minutes and dive to depths of over a hundred meters.
However, it is not possible to stay underwater for long periods of time or even work with pure apnea technology, and so people were already thinking about how to supply a diver with enough air to breathe underwater in ancient times. Ideas of simply placing an inverted barrel over the diver's head failed due to the enormous buoyancy of the air in the barrel, which the diver could not hold. The technique of breathing through a tube also only works until just below the surface, because if the snorkel is too long and the exhaled air cannot escape completely, it is inhaled again by the diver, which leads relatively quickly to a lack of oxygen.
Leonardo da Vinci had already tinkered with a system in which the diver is supplied with fresh air through a pump via a helmet, while the exhaled air can escape downwards or through a valve, but the first functional diving helmet was first tested at the end of the 18th century.
In the first half of the 19th century, the classic helmet diving device made of copper or brass was then developed in several stages, which could be connected to a diving suit in a watertight and airtight manner; the classic diving helmet as we know it from adventure films.
Its use was highly risky and the life and health of the diver was in the hands of those who operated the air pumps on board a ship, for example; if these were not operated properly, the diver suffocated.
Although in old films divers in such suits were regularly attacked by giant squid on the hunt for sunken pirate treasure, deep-sea monsters were not the real problem; far more dangerous were problems with the air supply or the lack of decompression when surfacing, the need for which was not recognized in the past, which could lead to serious health problems.
In fact, such diving helmets are not just museum pieces even today; industrial divers still use comparable helmets, of course with a technically far better and more reliable breathing air supply than in the 19th century.
Text: Dirk-Boris Rödel
Graphic: Jonas Bachmann
30.06.-02.07. Summer Tattoo Festival No.8
05.08.-06.08. Garda Tattoo Event
18.08.-20.08. Tunjo Tattoo Fest
15.09.-17.09. Millennium Tattoo Show No.6
15.09.-17.09. Cagliari Tattoo Convention No.13
22.09.-24-09. Bergamo Tattoo Expo
22.09.-24-09. Torino Tattoo Convention No.12
29.09.- 01.10. Urban Land Tattoo Expo Roma
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13.10.-15.10. Genova Tattoo Convention No.16
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20.10.-22-10. Ferrara Tattoo Convention No.5
27.10.-29.10. Passion Art Tattoo Convention Bolzano No.16
04.11.-05.11. Chiuduno Tattoo Weekend
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10.11.-12.11. Palermo Tattoo Convention No.9
11.11.-12.11. Trieste International Tattoo Expo No.14
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01.12.-03.12. Florence Tattoo Convention No.13
08.12.-10.12. East Coast Tattoo Convention No.17
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08.07.-09.07 . Bristol Tattoo Convention
22.07.-23.07 . Ink And Oil Tattoo Convention
29.07.-30.07. Great Western Tattoo Show
19.08.-20.08. Cornwall’s Tattoo Convention
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26.08.-27.08. Big London Tattoo Show
16.09.-17.09. Buckley Ink Tattoo Convention
23.09.-24.09. Sheffield Tattoo Festival
30.09.-01.10. Tattoo Trojans Doncaster Tattoo Convention
07.10.-08.10. Locked up Tattoo Convention
14.10.-15.10. Halloween Tattoo Bash
11.11.-12.11. Wrexham Tattoo Show
02.09.-03.09. Tattoonika
14.10.-15.10. Wildstyle & Tattoo Messe Kapfenburg
21.10.-22.10. Wildstyle & Tattoo Messe Linz
28.10.-29.10. Wildstyle & Tattoo Messe Salzburg
01.09.-03.09. Lugano TI – Tattoo Convention No.24
16.06.-18.06. Epinal Tattoo Show
17.06.-18.06. Asian Festival Tattoo Show
01.07.-02.07. Caen Tattoo Show
08.07.-09.07. Rock Tattoo Spirit
15.07.-16.07. Sermaize Tattoo Convention
19.08.-20.08. Deauvile Tattoo Festival
01.09.-03.09. Montauban Tattoo Show
01.09.-03.09. Ink’n’Roll Chateauroux Tattoo Festival
02.09.-03.09. The 70’s Tattoo Show
09.09.-10.09. Jura Ink Park
09.09.-10.09. Dentelle Ink Alençon
09.09.-10.09. Champagne Tattoo Event
09.09.-10.09. Limoges Tattoo Show
15.09.-17.09. Univers Tattoo Convention
16.09.-17.09. Circus Tattoo Show
16.09.-17.09. Kustom Festival & Tattoo
16.09.-17.09. Perpignan Tattoo Convention
22.09.-24.09. Nantes Tattoo Convention
23.09.-24.09. Isere Tattoo Show
23.09.-24.09. Girl Ink Tattoo Show
30.09.-01.10. Perigueux Tattoo Expo
30.09.-01.10. La Maison d’Encre
07.10.-08.10. Convention Tatouage de Bourges
14.10.-15.10. Poitiers Tattoo Convention
13.10.-15.10. Chalons en Champagne Tattoo Show
20.10.-22.10. Evian Tattoo Show
21.10.-22.10. Biarritz Tattoo Fest
21.10.-22.10. Fabulous Tiki Weekend
21.10.-22.10. Bourg-en-Bresse Tattoo Convention
21.10.-22.10. The Team Miss P’ink Tattoo
28.10.-29.10. Cahors Tattoo & Geek
03.11.-05.11. Sugar Ink Tattoo Convention
11.11.-12.11. Love Tattoo Festival
18.11.-20.11. Potopistons Tattoo Convention
18.11.-19.11. Salon du Tatouage Clermont
25.11.-26.11. Troyes Tattoo Convention
01.12.-03.12. Merry Christmas Tattoo Show
02.12.-03.12. Nohell Tattoo Show
02.12.-03.12. Tarn Tattoo Convention
22.09.-24.09. Hans Christian Andersen Tattoo Convention No.6
27.10.-29.10. Nordic Ink Festival No.12
16.09.-17.09. Bulgaria Tattoo Expo VIII
25.08.-27-08. INKJUNX
02.09.-03.09. Craboutcha Tattoo Festival
02.09.-03.09. Tox Cit’Ink No.10
23.09.-24.09. Brügge Tattoo Convention No.2
07.10.-08.10. Skin Art Expo No.14
14.10.-15-10. Mons Tattoo Convention No.5
28.10.-29.10. Hasselt Tattoo Convention No.2
28.10.-29.10. Kempen Tattoo Convention No.3
10.11.-12.11. Brüssel Tattoo Convention No.13
16.09.-17.09. Haná Tattoo Expo No.5
18.11. Pardubice Tattoo Event No.8
28.07.-30.07. Maiden City Tattoo Convention No.11
29.09.-01.10. Dublin Tattoo Convention No.22
21.10.-22-10. Wild Atlantic Tattoo Show
25.08.-27.08. Baltic Tattoo Convention No.5 ^
21.10.-23.10. Vianden Tattoo Convention No.23
15.07.-16.07. Ink Panthers Tattoo Convention No.2
15.09.-17.09. Amsterdam Tattoo Convention No.17
23.09.-24.09. Ink and Cutz Tattoo Convention No.6
01.07.-02.07. Warsaw Tattoo Convention No.10
02.09.-03.09. Katowice Tattoo Konwent
16.09.-17.09. Opole Tattoo Expo No.5
14.10.-15.10. Hagen Tattoo Convention
25.11.-26.11. Lodz Tattoo Konwent
05.10.-08.10. Lisbon Tattoo Rock Fest No.16
01.09.-03.09. Constanta Tattoo Convention
20.10.-22-10. Bucharest Tattoo Convention No.11
06.08.-13.08. Ink Needle Tattoo Convention
25.08.-26.08. Minicon
01.09.-03.09. Stockholm Ink Bash Tattoo Convention No.26
